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风头全在传统媒体?来看看上榜普利策奖的新媒体是何方神圣?

2023-05-10 14:56:27

本周国际传媒界一件大事当属普利策奖的揭晓了。

美国东部时间4月16日下午(北京时间4月17日凌晨),第102届普利策奖在哥伦比亚大学揭晓。目前的报道和传媒评论多集中在关注普利策奖的重头戏——公众利益服务奖。

此次, Kantor 和Megan Twohey、《纽约客》的Ronan Farrow,因对于女性的相关报道,获得了普利策新闻奖中分量最重的“公众利益服务奖”。获奖报道极大地推动#MeToo运动在全球范围内发展的反调查报道,:都有份。

传统媒体式微的今天,普利策奖上各大奖项却依然是被传统媒体夺得,只是在提名名单中给了ProPublica和BuzzFeed这样的新兴媒体一席之地。 “老”新闻主义将死,“新”新闻主义即将“风靡人间”?这样的说法至少被这几年的普利策奖打脸了。本期传媒观察重点聊聊这两家新兴媒体。他们凭什么赢得普利策奖?

本期先说说ProPublica。本届普利策奖得主中,看到新媒体ProPublica的身影并不令人意外,算上今年,这已经是它第五次获得普利策奖了。早在2010年,,获得了第94届普利策调查性报道奖,成为首家获得普利策奖的网络媒体。

ProPublica的名称取义于拉丁语,意为“为了人民”。它与当下主流的网络新闻媒体不同之处在于:栏目设置简单,没有广告,也摒弃标题党,内容制作甚至可以用“朴实”来形容,这家不擅长哗众取宠的媒体甚至可以说比当下大多数传统媒体更 “传统”。

这家媒体成为普利策奖的常客,有几点重要原因。

第一、专业团队牛。看看这个团队的人才配置吧!网站创办人赫伯特和玛丽翁·桑德勒夫妇每年投入约1000万美元用于网站运营,曾聘请《华尔街日报》前执行主编保罗·斯蒂格为主编,,精选28人组建成专业化团队,现团队成员人数已增加更多,包括多位普利策奖往届得主。

第二、运营模式新。在用户关系运营上,ProPublica创立了一种全新的众包模式。传统意义上的受众不再仅是“使用与满足”的主体、新闻消费的主体,更逐渐向内容UGC制作者转变。可以说,ProPublica对新闻行业真正具有启迪意义的探索,是“众包模式”的用户关系的产生。

第三、数据全开放。这里的“开放数据”主要指不受著作权、专利权以及其他限制,由数据商开放给社会大众自由查询和使用的数据。在ProPublica,数据已经成为一种社会资源,而不是专业新闻机构的垄断资源。

回到本期ProPublica的获奖新闻作品本身, ProPublica官网目前可以看到对该作品报道流程和影响的完整的介绍。

本文节选编译部分内容如下:

ProPublica与NPR合作获得普利策解释性报道奖

该获奖作品名称为《逝去的母亲们》,是10年来出版的九部普利策奖入围作品之一。普利策委员会宣布,ProPublica与美国国家公共电台(NPR)的合作发表的解释性报道——《逝去的母亲们》(Lost Mothers)的解释性报道,这是一个关于美亲死亡危机的有启发性的系列报道。

该报道由ProPublica记者Nina Martin、特约记者Adriana Gallardo和NPR特派记者Renee Montagn发起,报道《逝去的母亲们》从一种令人不安的现状写起:在过去的20年里,随着其他富裕国家的孕产妇死亡率下降,美国的孕产妇死亡率正在上升。在发达国家,美国的孕产妇死亡率最高,每年有700至900名美国妇女死于并发症。此外,每年有5万多名美国妇女在妊娠和分娩期间死亡。

很快,在他们的报告中出现了一个必须解决的问题:这些逝去的母亲们相关信息在哪里能找到?通常的新闻工具,如Nexis和谷歌,能找到的逝者名字出奇的少,讣告也很少提到死亡的原因。为了确认这些母亲的身份,记者们搜遍了GoFundMe和YouCaring等众筹网站,在Facebook和Twitter上用讣告和公共发帖内容来验证名字。他们还刊发了一份启事,请求受影响的家庭讲述他们的故事。超过4700人对此作出回应,其中包括4000名女性,她们说,自己差点就死了。这些努力帮助了记者建立了第一个关于母亲死于妊娠相关并发症的数据库,最终在2016年确认发现超过160个孕产妇死亡的案例。

ProPublica的主编罗宾·菲尔兹(Robin Fields)说:“当谈到美国的孕产妇死亡问题时,缺乏相关问题的透明度和缺乏对问题的认识度是悲剧发生的主要原因之一。通过将私人话题变成公共议题,报道《逝去的母亲们》推动了医院、。这一突破性的系列报道也为受该问题影响的家庭发声,至少让他们能对所爱之人的死亡有着更多认识。”

新媒体逐年跻身普利策,足以体现美国新闻业界其新闻报道质量和影响的认可,下期传媒观察,我们再具体聊聊BuzzFeed这家媒体是怎样一步步跻身普利策奖名单的。

附ProPublica原文如下:

ProPublica/NPR Collaboration a Finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Explanatory Reporting

The project, "Lost Mothers," is one of nine ProPublica Pulitzer finalists in 10 years of publishing.

The Pulitzer Board announced that ProPublica’s partnership with NPR was a finalist in the Explanatory Reporting category for “Lost Mothers,” an illuminating series on the maternal mortality crisis in the United States. ProPublica Illinois and The Chicago Tribune were also named Pulitzer finalists for Local Reporting for their “Tax Divide” series. The two designations were ProPublica’s eighth and ninth Pulitzer finalists in 10 years of publishing.

Led by ProPublica reporter Nina Martin, engagement reporter Adriana Gallardo and NPR special correspondent Renee Montagne, ”Lost Mothers” began with a disquieting trend: For the past two decades, as maternal mortality has declined in other affluent countries, U.S. rates of maternal mortality were rising. The U.S. has the highest rate of mothers who die during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum in the developed world, with 700 to 900 American women dying from complications each year. Additionally, every year more than 50,000 American women nearly die during pregnancy and childbirth.

Soon into their reporting, an intriguing question arose: Where were the mothers? The usual journalism tools, such as Nexis and Google, turned up surprisingly few names, and obituaries rarely mention the cause of death. To identify these mothers, the reporters scoured crowdfunding sites like GoFundMe and YouCaring, verifying names with obituaries and public posts on Facebook and Twitter. They also published a callout, asking affected families to tell their stories. More than 4,700 people responded, including 4,000 women who said they had almost died themselves. These efforts helped the reporters create a first-of-its kind database of mothers who died from pregnancy-related complications, eventually identifying more than 160 maternal deaths in 2016 alone.

“When it comes to maternal deaths in the United States, the lack of transparency and awareness around the problem is one of its major contributors,” said ProPublica’s managing editor Robin Fields, who directed the reporting with senior editor Daniel Golden. “By shifting the conversation from private to public, the comprehensive reporting of ‘Lost Mothers’ has pushed hospitals, regulators and policymakers to more aggressively address preventable maternal complications and deaths. This groundbreaking series also gave voice to impacted families, allowing them, at last and at a minimum, to have the deaths of their loved ones recognized.”


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